The 12 Factors
2026
- Factor 12: The Ultimate Objective is Mechanism Design That Maximizes Knowledge LiquidityThe goal of Knowledge Capitalism is to design mechanisms that maximize aggregate knowledge liquidity—the ease with which knowledge flows to where it creates value.
- Factor 11: Knowledge Capital is the Emerging Asset Class of Knowledge CapitalismA new form of capital is crystallizing: knowledge capital—the stock of actionable intelligence that generates ongoing returns through application and licensing.
- Factor 10: Value Realization Spans the Real, Financial, and Knowledge EconomiesKnowledge realizes value across a spectrum of economic forms.
- Factor 9: Networks of Cognitive Actors Form Complex Adaptive SystemsWhen cognitive actors connect through the network interface, they form systems that exhibit emergent properties beyond any individual's contribution.
- Factor 8: Coordination Requires Shared Beliefs and Communication ChannelsCognitive actors cannot coordinate through knowledge alone—they require shared belief systems that align expectations and communication channels that maintain alignment.
- Factor 7: The Network Interface Routes Knowledge Through ContextKnowledge cannot traverse networks without context—the edges between cognitive actors are not neutral conduits but active shapers of meaning.
- Factor 6: Exploration is the Sovereign Act of Knowledge DiscoveryExploration—through action, inquiry, or search—is how cognitive actors expand what they know.
- Factor 5: The Intelligence Interface Expands Knowledge Through Structured IterationIntelligence operates at the boundary between knowing-that and knowing-how, expanding knowledge through structured iteration.
- Factor 4: Cognitive Actors Are the Nodes of AgencyCognitive actors—both humans and artificial intelligence systems—are the fundamental units of agency in knowledge systems.
- Factor 3: The Agency Interface Translates Knowledge into Action Through Beliefs and FrameworksKnowledge becomes actionable through the agency interface—the beliefs we hold and the frameworks we use to make sequential decisions.
- Factor 2: Language Compresses and Carries KnowledgeAmong all the vessels humanity has invented to carry knowledge across time and space, language remains the most versatile.
2025